Says Enrik Pavdeja, Compositing Supervisor, ‘we worked up lots of optical FX in compositing heat distortions, colour breakup, aberrations and even our own blue plasma. 2D LookDev Lead Tomas Lefebve used Nuke to get as close to the original look as possible before breaking it apart to decide on which elements needed 3D FX. Says Penn, ‘we had to match the original effect and then amp it up as there’s a lot more going on we had a lot more shots and see it from different angles.’ Framestore built the whole model based on scans from the original, combining comp, lighting and FX to achieve the look. Ant Man’s ‘Quantum van,’ which first features at the end of Marvel Studios’ Ant-Man and The Wasp, is revisited in Endgame as the Avengers test how it works. The team also had the chance to use their creativity to create a series of mesmerising quantum effects.

Every nuance, every little twitch and eye dart, slight curl of the lip and muscle tension needed to be translated.’ This performance was key for the animators on the film, ‘it was absolutely about channeling Bruce Banner,’ explains Max Solomon, Animation Supervisor. Keyframe animation was then deployed for over 60 Smart Hulk shots, with head cam footage from the shoot used for reference. The result was a first pass of animation that could be used by the filmmakers to decide on the edit and begin the process of refining and adding face-shapes to use in the rig.

To kick-start this process, a small team at Framestore were tasked with developing their machine-learning technology to take source footage of Mark Ruffalo and create a solve from that to match it in animation ‘it was a way of convincing the client that we had the software that could do this quickly,’ explains Robert Allman, CG Supervisor. Balancing the human performance of Banner and the seismic power of the Hulk required a deft mix of cutting-edge tech and Framestore’s world-renowned animation, and the result is a striking fully-CG character whose unique performance is loaded with human nuance, emotion and comedy. Framestore was tasked with breathing life into a ‘Smart Hulk,’ a never-seen-before Bruce Banner / Hulk hybrid.

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